https://jehs.ssrc.ac.ir/ Journal of Exercise and Health Science en daily 1 Thu, 01 Sep 2022 00:00:00 +0430 Thu, 01 Sep 2022 00:00:00 +0430 https://jehs.ssrc.ac.ir/article_4346.html Introduction: Physical activity serves as a stimulus for improving cardiovascular risk factors. Therefore, the aim of this research was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of progressive resistance training and a subsequent detraining period on PWT and IVST indices in sedentary women. Research Method: In this semi-experimental study, 32 sedentary women were randomly assigned to two groups: resistance exercise (16 subjects) and control (16 subjects). PWT and IVST were measured using echocardiography at three stages: before starting the exercise, after 8 weeks of exercise, and after 4 weeks of detraining. The exercise protocol was carried out over 12 weeks, and the collected data were analyzed using independent t-tests, repeated measures analysis of variance, and post hoc tests with a significance level of p < 0.05 in SPSS 21. Results: The mean and standard deviation of the PWT variable in the experimental group in the pre-test, post-test, and detraining were 0.65 ± 0.06, 0.71 ± 0.05, and 0.66 ± 0.05, respectively. In the control group, these values were 0.70 ± 0.06, 0.68 ± 0.06, and 0.66 ± 0.08, respectively. The mean and standard deviation of the IVST variable in the experimental group in the pre-test, post-test, and detraining were 0.65 ± 0.05, 0.72 ± 0.05, and 0.67 ± 0.04, respectively. In the control group, these values were 0.71 ± 0.08, 0.68 ± 0.06, and https://jehs.ssrc.ac.ir/article_4347.html The prevalence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and its complications have increased substantially in recent decades. ASCVD is associated with cardiovascular diseases and is an indirect cause of a high death rate in the general population. Salusin-α and salusin-β are two endogenous bioactive peptides that could be candidate biomarkers for ASCVD. Salusin-α protects against the development of ASCVD, and a decrease in its levels is associated with ASCVD. While salusin-β plays a role in the development and/or maintenance of ASCVD and the exaggerated expression in atherosclerotic lesions. Changes in people's lifestyles, especially sedentary behavior, and a lack of exercise, are recognized as critical risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Hence, physical exercise (PE) recently had been identified as effective strategies for lowering cardiovascular disease risk. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the effects of PE on ASCVD through modulation of the expression of endogenous bioactive peptides with pro-and-anti-atherogenic properties. https://jehs.ssrc.ac.ir/article_4126.html The brain as an influential organ in athletic performance specializes in each sport according to the form of its activity. Depending on the type of exercise and the basic processing needs of the brain in that sport, the brain takes a specific form of activity. In the sport of caving, some characteristics such as orientation can play a key role in a person's success. The aim of this study was to investigate the working form of the cerebral cortex in professional caving athletes. Thirty-two male and female players underwent electroencephalography (EEG) at the professional level. EEG was performed in both closed and open eyes conditions. The mean and standard deviation of the absolute and relative power of the cortex of nineteen brain regions in the beta band was calculated through descriptive statistical methods.Results: In the closed eyes condition, the mean absolute power at frequencies of 8 to 25 Hz in the central and left peritoneal region (P3-Pz) of all the subjects was reported higher than normal. Also, at these points, the standard deviation of absolute power at frequencies of 8 to 25 Hz in these subjects was higher than normal. Conclusion: According to the results, such a form of brain processing may be an advantage. Adaptation of these regions to the Spatial Navigation region in the brain raises the possibility that these changes are a new arrangement of brain activity to improve Spatial Navigation, or that people with this type of processing are more successful in this region.